Internet searches for the anti-anxiety drug lorazepam spiked sharply after its prominent depiction in the third season of HBO’s hit series, The White Lotus. Researchers at the University of California San Diego found a significant surge in related queries following the show’s release on February 16th, with search volume remaining elevated for 12 weeks. This raises concerns about potential increased interest in acquiring the medication, particularly given the risks associated with unregulated online pharmacies and the dangers of misuse.
The ‘White Lotus’ Effect: Data Reveals a Clear Trend
The study, published in JAMA Health Forum, analyzed Google search data from January 2022 to the end of February 2025. Before the show’s release, lorazepam searches remained relatively stable. However, immediately following the premiere, queries surged, resulting in nearly twice the expected search volume over the following 12 weeks—approximately 1.6 million additional searches. Notably, searches for related benzodiazepines—alprazolam and clonazepam—did not show the same spike, suggesting the effect is specifically linked to the show’s portrayal of lorazepam.
Why This Matters: Risks and Real-World Consequences
The surge in searches is concerning for several reasons. Lorazepam, a benzodiazepine commonly prescribed for anxiety, carries risks of dependence, withdrawal symptoms, and dangerous interactions with alcohol. The show’s depiction of the drug without addressing these risks may have fueled curiosity without providing crucial safety information.
The bigger problem is the illicit market. The researchers point to a growing trend of counterfeit or improperly dosed benzodiazepines sold online, some even containing dangerous synthetic opioids like nitazenes. Purchasing drugs from unregulated sources carries a high risk of overdose or adverse reactions.
“That this TV show is causing people to explore purchasing benzodiazepines online is particularly concerning because there is a huge amount of illicit production of benzodiazepines, and these drugs are often dosed incorrectly and/or inconsistently and sometimes contain different drugs entirely,” said Dr. Olivia Maynard of the University of Bristol, who was not involved in the study.
Beyond Searches: The Impact of Media Portrayal
The study also highlights a 64% increase in searches related to obtaining lorazepam, suggesting viewers are not just seeking information but actively exploring how to acquire the drug. The show did not depict the risks of abruptly stopping lorazepam (panic attacks, seizures) or the dangers of mixing it with alcohol, potentially leaving viewers uninformed about serious side effects.
The entertainment industry has a responsibility to portray prescription drugs responsibly. The researchers suggest implementing “best practice” approaches, such as health information panels, to mitigate potential harm. However, some experts, like Professor Harry Sumnall of Liverpool John Moores University, believe that heavy-handed warnings may be counterproductive.
“Whilst it could be useful if entertainment shows incorporated health advice where potentially harmful products are prominent, I don’t think this is realistic to expect from a creative point of view, and there is the risk that heavy-handed warnings can lead to counterproductive outcomes,” Sumnall said.
The Bigger Picture: Addressing the Root Causes
While responsible media portrayal is important, the researchers emphasize that enforcement action against illicit manufacturers and prescriber education remain critical. Over-prescribing and inappropriate prescribing of benzodiazepines are major concerns, and addressing these systemic issues is essential to protect public health.
The surge in lorazepam searches linked to The White Lotus serves as a stark reminder of the power of media influence and the need for greater awareness of the risks associated with prescription drug misuse. The entertainment industry, regulators, and healthcare professionals must work together to ensure that viewers are informed, safe, and protected from the dangers of unregulated drug markets
